“Measuring peace by the absence of war is a flawed benchmark, so is judging cybersecurity solely by a lack of incidents.” In boardrooms across industries, directors increasingly grapple with one of the most misunderstood performance indicators in modern governance: cybersecurity effectiveness. At first glance, it’s tempting to celebrate a spotless record: “We haven’t had a breach in years!” Such statements are often met with nods of approval, sometimes even applause. Nevertheless, this interpretation may be dangerously simplistic. The absence of visible incidents does not equate to the lack of risk. Just as geopolitical peace can exist while covert tensions simmer, an organization may appear cyber-secure ...